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BACKGROUND: Hyperphosphataemia is the predisposing factor of increased risk of both morbidity and mortality rate among haemodialysis patients. However, phosphate-rich food are usually common sources of dietary protein, which is essential to prevent from malnutrition among haemodialysis patients. With an adequate protein intake, removal of phosphate through haemodialysis is insufficient to achieve phosphate balance.
OBEJCTIVE: To determine the association between dietary protein intake and dietary phosphate intake among haemodialysis patients in Klang Valley on an unrestricted diet.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 102 haemodialysis patients in dialysis centers around Klang Valley. Information such as the subjects’ socio-demographic profile and dietary data were gathered through interview session. Their biochemical and anthropometric data were recorded from the medical records.
RESULTS: Among 102 participants, 52% had shown poor control of serum phosphate level (>1.78 mmol/L) while 48% had demonstrated good phosphate control (≤1.78 mmol/L). Dietary phosphate intake was higher among patients with poor serum phosphate (548 ± 432 mg/day) compared with those with good phosphate control (490 ± 414 mg/day) (p = 0.313). Pearson’s correlation showed that dietary protein intake was highly correlated with dietary phosphate intake (r=0.72, p<0.001). Daily dietary protein intake between 1.2g/kg BW to 1.6 g/kg BW was needed to control phosphate intake within 800 – 1,000 mg.
CONCLUSION: There is a significant association between dietary protein with phosphate intake among haemodialysis patients in Klang Valley. Patients on haemodialysis should consume dietary protein of 1.2g/kg BW to 1.6g/kg BW to avoid excessive intake of dietary phosphate and malnutrition.
Keywords – protein, phosphate, haemodialysi