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Background: Inadequate calorie intake in critical care setting may lead to malnutrition, consequently increasing risk of death. This study aimed to identify the association between energy and protein adequacy with 30-days of mortality.
Method: A prospective observational study was conducted in general intensive care unit (ICU), University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC). Critically ill, adult patients receiving nutrition support for at least 3 days were included in this study. The energy and protein adequacy was estimated using the formula intake/prescribed times 100 reported as percentage and recorded for 14 days.
Results: Ninety patients with the median age of 60 years (IQR:18, 89y) were included in this study. Mean Energy and protein requirement were 1543.16 ± 430 kcal per day and 75 ± 11 g per day, respectively. While mean energy and protein intake were 1333.69 ± 454 kcal per day and 61.38 ± 19 g per day. Most of the critically ill patients received adequate intake of energy (91.1%), protein (90.0%) and energy & protein (88.9%). The 30-d mortality was 27.8%. There was no association between energy adequacy (r=0.107, p=0.435), protein adequacy (r=0.041, p=1.00), energy & protein adequacy (r=0.061, p=0.720) with 30-d mortality. However, we found positive correlation between age (r=0.284, p=0.007), NUTRIC score (r=0.295, p=0.005) and SOFA score (r=0.388, p=0.000) with 30-d mortality.
Conclusion: This study showed that most critically ill patients were adequately nourished and there was no association between adequacy of energy, protein and energy & protein intake with 30-d mortality.
Keyword: Adequacy, energy, protein, enteral nutrition, parenteral nutrition, mortality.